Dopamine/Dopamina

Wikipedia wrote:Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays several important roles in the brain and body. It is an amine synthesized by removing a carboxyl group from a molecule of its precursor chemical L-DOPA, which is synthesized in the brain and kidneys. Dopamine is also synthesized in plants and most animals. In the brain, dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter—a chemical released by neurons (nerve cells) to send signals to other nerve cells. The brain includes several distinct dopamine pathways, one of which plays a major role in the motivational component of reward-motivated behavior. The anticipation of most types of rewards increase the level of dopamine in the brain,[2] and many addictive drugs increase dopamine neuronal activity. Other brain dopamine pathways are involved in motor control and in controlling the release of various hormones. These pathways and cell groups form a dopamine system which is neuromodulatory.

Wikipédia wrote:A dopamina (DA) é um neurotransmissor monoaminérgico, da família das catecolaminas e das feniletilaminas que desempenha vários papéis importantes no cérebro e no corpo. Os receptores de dopamina são subdivididos em D1, D2, D3, D4, e D5 de acordo com localização no cérebro e função. O cérebro contém várias vias dopaminérgicas, uma delas desempenha um papel importante no sistema de comportamento motivado a recompensa. A maioria das recompensas aumentam o nível de dopamina no cérebro, e muitas drogas viciantes aumentam a atividade neuronal da dopamina.